Stainless Steel Grades for Surgical Instruments Explained
The steel grade decides how sharp, strong and corrosion resistant an instrument is.
Martensitic stainless steel Grades such as 410 and 420 can be hardened by heat treatment. They are used for instruments that must hold an edge or spring: scissors, scalpel handles, forceps, osteotomes and needle holders.
Austenitic stainless steel Grades such as 304 and 316 resist corrosion very well but cannot be hardened in the same way. They suit retractors, basins, trays, cannulas and other non-cutting items.
Titanium Titanium is lighter, non-magnetic and highly corrosion resistant, and is popular for microsurgery instruments.
Tungsten carbide Tungsten-carbide inserts in the jaws of needle holders and in scissor blades give a longer-lasting grip and edge.
Finish and passivation Mirror, satin and black finishes change glare and appearance. Passivation removes free iron from the surface to improve corrosion resistance. Instruments should be cleaned with demineralized water and never with chlorine bleach, which attacks stainless steel.
What to ask a supplier Ask which steel is used for each instrument type, how the item is heat treated and finished, and what documentation is available for your market.
Order from the manufacturer Kotina MFG Company manufactures these instruments in Sialkot, Pakistan and exports to distributors, hospitals and clinics worldwide. Browse the catalog or request a quotation.
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